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A guide to HTML entities, special characters, and why encoding matters for security.
HTML encoding (also called HTML escaping) converts special characters into their corresponding HTML entities. This prevents browser interpretation issues and protects against XSS (Cross-Site Scripting) attacks.
The most common entities are & (&ersand), < (<), > (>), " (double quote), and ' (apostrophe/single quote). Any Unicode character can be represented using &#NNN; (decimal) or &#xNNN; (hexadecimal) notation.
Always encode user-generated content before displaying it in HTML. Encode data when embedding it in HTML attributes. Encode special characters in XML documents. Use our HTML Entity Encoder/Decoder for quick conversions.